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LIST OF RECOMMENDED TECHNOLOGIES

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1 W-000048 WATER Indian Institute of Technology Madras AMRIT technology is based on world’s best engineered nanomaterials for the removal of health-related contaminants from drinking water. The solution has been widely implemented as affordable point-of use water purifiers in the worst arsenic, iron and fluoride affected regions of India. These materials-based solutions are green and sustainable (PNAS, 110 (2013) 8459-8464). AMRIT technology has been widely implemented across the country. AMRIT technology was conceptualized, developed, piloted and implemented through Prof. Pradeep’s research laboratory at IIT Madras. Core team members of this group are Prof. T. Pradeep, Anshup, Udhaya Sankar and Amrita. Several other researchers have contributed to the development of this technology. Detailed Note Drinking water contamination is a multi-faceted issue. There are many contaminants found in water; yet, all contaminants do not occur simultaneously. A tailored solution for each contaminant is the key to ensure that local water is made healthy for drinking, without affecting its qualities such as taste. This is possible affordably with the advent of nanotechnology. Contamination of drinking water by diverse species (fluoride, arsenic, iron and microorganisms in different regions) contributes to major health hazards across the country. Governmental agencies, through proactive efforts, have made a significant difference at grass roots level. However, challenges in drinking water purification are immense. There is an urging need to implement products based on new technologies; two critical reasons are described here: 1. Old technologies are increasingly becoming outdated: Activated alumina for water purification is over 55 years old technology and is outdated today. Adsorption of fluoride on alumina is extremely poor, which leads to the use of huge quantities of the adsorbent thereby increasing the size of water treatment plants. We are becoming increasingly aware of the health risks of aluminium due to Alzheimer’s disease. 2. Reducing limits of allowed concentration of contaminants in water: Allowed concentration of arsenic in water was 200 ppb in 1960; today it is at 10 ppb (source: World Health Organization). Newer technologies have to evolve to address this issue. As guardians of the health of the society, we must be prepared to handle them. This is only possible with products based on new technologies – nominee has contributed to making a significant step forward in this direction. A brand, aptly called AMRIT, has been widely implemented across the country as a result of home grown technology by his efforts. Using nanomaterials, it is possible to effectively destroy microorganisms (incl. enteric viruses), adsorb arsenic/fluoride, remove heavy metals and degrade pesticides found in drinking water. A product aptly titled, AMRIT, has been developed by IIT Madras. AMRIT is the acronym for Anion and Metal Removal by Indian Technology. The technology behind the product has been scientifically validated by the international research community through research articles and patents. Adsorbents used for water purification are typically produced through high temperature synthesis. There are a number of associated challenges: by-products, power consumption and loss of surface area due to sintering. Nominee has co-developed a new protocol for material production which can be done at room temperature, yet produce a material which is exceptionally strong like river sand and has a large adsorption capacity. Technology implementation: AMRIT technology is continuously being implemented by various state governments and non-governmental agencies to provide clean drinking water for people of India, especially those living in rural areas. We have provided a number of product variants based on AMRIT technology: 1. Handpump attached unit (1000 Liters per hour) 2. School and community centre unit (3000 Liters per day) 3. Standalone community unit (10000 Liters per day) 4. Automatic Water Dispensation Unit (1000 Liters per hour) 5. Village water supply unit (up to 10,00,000 Liters per day) The technology has been applied in various forms for community water purifiers. The products based on these technologies are designed considering an appeal of Indian-ness in the products. There are a number of new engineering novelties associated with this work. It is also well-known that water purification units for iron removal often fail because they require daily maintenance. AMRIT technology has an iron removal water purification unit which requires no backwashing and generates no sludge. This is the only example of a maintenance-free iron removal product world-wide. The cost of clean water using this technology in the arsenic affected areas is under between 2 to 4 paise per litre. It can be implemented at any level - domestic, community, or municipal - levels. 3 7/20/2019 3:03:43 PM PDF
2 W-000041 WATER Membrane Filters (I) Pvt. Ltd AUTOMATION & REMOTE MONTIORING OF TREATMENT PLANT OF IRON REMOVAL FROM GROUND WATER Our INNOVATION II has already been recognized and published through compendium of technologies published in the year 2015. This has been featured as Solar operated Standalone Ground water treatment plant for removal of dissolved IRON, ARSENIC, and FLUORIDE present in ground water using NON RO technology. Further to this we have also done extensive and intelligent R & D work to do the automation of some of the key operations of such STAND ALONE UNITS which has been described together with benefits derived from the same. For ready reference we are once again submitting original submitted documents related to Stand ALONE units for ready reference. We have installed such over ‘40’ systems in various districts of BIHAR in remote villages and also monitoring these systems from the city of Pune. We have found reliability of automation over one year and one of the snap shot of today the 27th is attached with this representation. We have also in brief attached PPT presentation of such automation. Design, Engineering, Manufacturing , Supply, Installation and Commissioning of Automatic & Remote Monitoring of Iron Removal Plant in true sense now such units part of ……………………DIGITAL INDIAAUTOMATION & REMOTE MONTIORING OF TREATMENT PLANT OF IRON REMOVAL FROM GROUND WATER Our INNOVATION II has already been recognized and published through compendium of technologies published in the year 2015. This has been featured as Solar operated Standalone Ground water treatment plant for removal of dissolved IRON, ARSENIC, and FLUORIDE present in ground water using NON RO technology. Further to this we have also done extensive and intelligent R & D work to do the automation of some of the key operations of such STAND ALONE UNITS which has been described together with benefits derived from the same. For ready reference we are once again submitting original submitted documents related to Stand ALONE units for ready reference. We have installed such over ‘80’ systems in various districts of BIHAR in remote villages and also monitoring these systems from the city of Pune. We have found reliability of automation over one year and one of the snap shot of today the 27th is attached with this representation. We have also in brief attached PPT presentation of such automation. Design, Engineering, Manufacturing , Supply, Installation and Commissioning of Automatic & Remote Monitoring of Iron Removal Plant in true sense now such units part of ……………………DIGITAL INDIA 1 7/6/2019 12:31:05 AM PDF
3 W-000031 WATER University of California, Berkeley Chronic ingestion of even low arsenic levels causes various types of cancer, particularly of the lungs, bladder and kidneys. Arsenic can lead to diabetes, cardiovascular and reproductive problems and painful skin lesions that can result in gangrene and eventual amputation. A recent 10-year cohort study published in the The Lancet showed that 1 in 5 of all adult deaths in Bangladesh are directly related to arsenic in drinking water. More recently, evidence has emerged that chronic exposure may have a detrimental effect on the IQ of children. Because nearly all deployed solutions have failed owing to various reasons, our team has invented and patented Electro-Chemical Arsenic Remediation (ECAR) to effectively remove arsenic within a sustainable service delivery model. ECAR is designed to be so inexpensive and robust that our service model is financially sustainable without subsidies, enables quality control, incentivizes ongoing social marketing, and is rapidly scalable – directly addressing causes of previous failure. The proposed model allows for tiered pricing to ensure equal access to the poorest and helps reduce social exclusion and stigmatization. Our service model includes regular awareness campaigns to highlight health and economic benefits of drinking arsenic safe water, and to emphasize that the community’s financial participation is necessary to provide a sustainable solution to the arsenic crisis. ECAR is a breakthrough technology. The last major technological breakthrough in arsenic remediation was the appearance of Activated Alumina (AA) adsorbent about 20 years ago. Since then, AA and similar adsorbent based technologies have incrementally improved, but still the adsorbents must be centrally manufactured or imported and treated with hazardous chemicals to regenerate, which is logistically difficult and dangerous in rural areas. In ECAR, highly effective adsorbent is generated in-situ from readily available inputs including ordinary mild steel plates and some electricity (intermittent grid, solar, and battery are all acceptable). In-situ rust particles generated by ECAR have a high adsorption capacity for arsenic. During the ECAR process, arsenic-III (more toxic and difficult to remove) is oxidized to arsenic-V, which is more amenable to adsorption. As a result, ECAR is highly effective and exceeds international standards for arsenic-safety across diverse groundwater conditions at a locally affordable price while still producing less waste sludge than conventional methods. In fact, ECAR is a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) technology an attribute highly valued among all lists of key environmental metrics for technologies. ECAR performance has been verified for initial arsenic concentrations up to 3000 ppb in synthetic groundwater containing both arsenic-III and arsenic-V. Performance to meet the WHO-MCL of 10 ppb has been verified in real groundwater from India, US, Bangladesh and Cambodia, each with a unique composition of natural ions known to interfere with the arsenic removal process (e.g. phosphate, silicate, natural organic matter, etc.) To see a full list of our peer-reviewed scientific journal publications on ECAR visit http://gadgillab.berkeley.edu/research/water/arsenic_removal/#tab-2. The most recent success of ECAR is a fully operational 10,000 liters per day (LPD) treatment plant installed at Dhapdhapi high school in West Bengal. The project was a collaboration between UC Berkeley, Jadavpur University, and LivPure (an Indian water purification company which licensed ECAR), and was funded by the Indo US Science and Technology Endowment Fund(IUSTEF). As of September 2017, LivPure began selling arsenic-safe water to the community for INR 6 for 10 Liters. As the ECAR technology scales up based on for-profit licensee businesses supported with government policy for safe drinking water, hundreds of thousands, and eventually millions of individuals living in poor rural communities of India will have access to arsenic-safe drinking water. 1 6/22/2019 1:07:17 AM PDF
4 W-000030 WATER Maithri Aquatech Pvt Ltd An Atmospheric Water Generator harnesses the simple principle of Condensation to produce water. But the technology that enables us to take that simple principle and produce greater yields of water is cutting edge! Water vapor condenses onto a surface when that surface is cooler than the temperature of the available water vapor. Cutting edge technology takes this simple principle and creates a water generator that produces water of the highest quality. An Atmospheric Water Generation unit produces water depending on the temperature and relative humidity conditions (average temperature of 20 deg C, relative humidity of over 30%). The water generated from the system meets the recommended drinking water standards set by the WHO. The system allows air flow through a series of condensing surfaces called evaporators that allow sequentially better water extraction conditions for these condensing surfaces. This naturally enables higher water removal from every quantum of air flowing on these surfaces. Since the water is condensed from the atmosphere the water generated is not contaminated with pesticides, ground related impurities, heavy metals, etc. Given typical drinking water consumption of 2 liters/day, the proposed system can easily accommodate drinking water needs of 50 to 100 families (4 in a family). If the locality requires more water, it is recommended to use multiple systems, strategically located in the locality, so the distance traveled by residents to collect water is minimized. In case if a larger capacity machine is used instead of a few smaller capacity units, in the event of a breakdown, there will be no water in the case of a larger unit. In case of multiple smaller capacity units, the chances of all of them break down at one time is low, so they guarantee at least some water than no water at all. Last but not least, multiple units allow for a larger number of residents to participate thereby increasing their ownership/responsibility/safety towards these systems. Benefits of Atmospheric Water Generator:  It can generate considerable amounts of clean water depending upon the prevailing temperature and humidity conditions.  The water produced is pure and free of biological/chemical contamination. As a preventative measure, the water produced is also additionally treated with Ozone.  It is a decentralized and highly scalable solution.  It provides the power of an immediate solution as it begins to produce water within an hour of installation.  It does not require any existing source of water for producing clean water like a conventional Reverse Osmosis system. In a nutshell, it produces water, when there is no water.  Environmentally friendly (no water wastage like RO, Desalination systems)  No skilled personnel required for operation or maintenance  Raw material (air) is available free of cost. 2. Socio-Economic Benefits at a Glance:  The system provides up to 1000 liters/day or 3,65,000 liters/year (under specified conditions of temperature and relative humidity) of clean drinking water to areas that have no access to clean drinking water and areas water quality is affected. Simple and easy to install, no skilled personnel required for operation and maintenance, no infrastructure requirements like plumbing, pumps, etc. The system generates clean water from the air and can be used in areas with no water bodies.  By providing clean drinking water, the waterborne diseases/ailments are reduced thereby preventing people from moving to other areas.  By reduction in water-borne diseases and related ailments, the number of people visiting the local community/public health care centers is reduced. This will reduce the health care expenditure to the Government. This will also help health care providers extend better health care due to reduced patients at their facilities.  The system does not emit any greenhouse gases hence is an environmentally friendly solution. 3. Applications: The Atmospheric Water Generator concept is scalable. Coil surface area and air-handling capacity largely determine the water making capacity. By placing individual Water Generator machines in series, the capacity is multiplied. Typically recommended installation includes the water plant, holding tank, filtration systems, and dispenser. An Atmospheric Water Generator is ideal for providing drinking water facilities in:  Universities, Colleges, Schools, Hostels  Place of Worship – Temples, Mosques, Churches, etc.  Railway Stations, Bus Stations  Government offices  Government Hospitals and Health Care Centers  Remote Defense Training Facilities and Monitoring Camps  Ocean-going vessels  Remote lighthouses along the coast, Remote telecommunication towers/Electric sub-stations  Off Shore Oil rigs and platforms  Prisons etc. 1 6/20/2019 9:08:21 PM PDF
5 W-000026 WATER Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur The laterite based filter assembly is designed to remove arsenic, iron and bacteria from ground water to provide low cost drinking water in arsenic affected areas. Naturally abundant laterite soil is used to prepare the filter media which has high arsenic adsorption capacity (32 mg/g). The arsenic removal media has a life of 5 years and the filter life can be extended for several years by changing the arsenic removal media every 5 years. The filter does not require any regeneration during its service life and also meets the toxicology leaching protocol (TCLP) for safe disposal. Domestic filter does not require any power for operation. The filter has been scaled up from 100 l/day to 10 kl/day. 1 6/19/2019 10:55:10 AM PDF